Pneumatic conveying is the transport of dry powders and granules through pipelines using air currents, the standard method for moving flour, sugar, starch, milk powder, and spices within food factories. A blower or vacuum pump drives the material in dilute phase (fast, suspended in air) or dense phase (slow, in slugs), from silos to mixers to packing lines without manual handling. The benefits are hygiene, containment of dust, and automation: enclosed pipes keep product clean and workers away from dust clouds. But powders are fragile and explosive: excessive velocity degrades particles and generates dust explosion risk, while moisture ingress causes blockages. System design balances air speed, pipe routing, and filtration, with food-grade requirements demanding smooth, cleanable surfaces and allergen-segregated lines where different products share the plant.