Burning mouth syndrome is a chronic condition causing a burning or scalding pain in the mouth, lips, and tongue without any visible abnormality. Abbreviated BMS, it most often affects middle-aged and older women and can persist for months or years. Causes are debated: nutritional deficiencies in iron, zinc, or B vitamins, hormonal changes, dry mouth, and nerve dysfunction are all implicated, and it sometimes follows dental work or medication changes. Management involves identifying and correcting deficiencies, treating dry mouth, and addressing neuropathic pain. Because the mouth looks normal, sufferers’ symptoms were historically dismissed, making recognition and validation part of care.