Fumaric acid

Fumaric acid is an organic acid used as an acidulant and flavouring in the food industry. It is the trans isomer of maleic acid, with a clean, sharp sourness that tastes more strongly acidic than citric acid at equal weight. Its low solubility and non-hygroscopic nature make it well suited to dry mixes, powdered beverages and tortillas, where it also acts as a dough conditioner. It inhibits mould growth in some bakery applications, helping to extend shelf life. Because it is a relatively strong food acid, it is used at low levels and declared on ingredient lists as fumaric acid or E297 in Europe.