Phycocyanin

Phycocyanin is a plant photosynthetic protein covalently bound to a green-blue bilatriene pigment, classified as a phycobiliprotein. It is produced by cyanobacteria such as Spirulina platensis and has uses as a natural blue colorant in foods, confectionery, and beverages. In food technology, phycocyanin offers a rare natural blue hue, prized for clean-label products, though its stability is sensitive to heat, light, and acidic pH, requiring careful formulation. Extraction and purification from algal biomass must preserve the pigment-protein complex for vivid color. Quality control focuses on color strength, purity, and microbiological safety of the algal source, supporting its growing role in naturally colored foods.