Pb is the chemical symbol for lead, the heavy metal with atomic number 82, derived from the Latin plumbum. In food safety it is a contaminant of concern rather than a nutrient: lead accumulates in the body over time, damaging the nervous system, kidneys, and blood formation, with children especially vulnerable to developmental effects. It reaches foods through contaminated soil and water, lead-soldered cans historically, and glazed ceramics. Regulators set strict maximum levels for lead in foods, particularly infant formula, juices, and canned products, and monitoring programmes track dietary exposure. Industry controls include sourcing from uncontaminated land, filtration of water, and verifying that food-contact materials are lead-free.