DNA fingerprinting

DNA fingerprinting is a technique that discriminates organisms at the genomic level by exploiting the uniqueness of each individual’s genetic material. DNA sequences from variable genome regions are isolated and analysed by Southern blotting or PCR to produce a characteristic profile. Food scientists apply it to differentiate species, strains and cultivars, verify the identity of premium products, trace contamination sources and confirm the parentage of breeding stock. Courts have accepted the method for food fraud cases, where it exposes mislabelled premium products.