Propyl gallate

A synthetic phenolic antioxidant, designated E310, used to protect fats, oils, and fat-containing foods against oxidative rancidity. It is often combined with BHA and BHT, with which it acts synergistically to extend the shelf life of products such as vegetable oils, chewing gum, and snack foods. Regulatory authorities permit it only in specified foods at maximum levels, reflecting toxicological evaluations of high-dose effects. Manufacturers declare it in ingredient lists, and its use is declining in some markets as consumers favor tocopherol-based or rosemary-derived antioxidant systems.