Aerolysins

Cytolytic toxins secreted by Aeromonas hydrophila that attack cell membranes: the toxin molecules insert into the lipid bilayer and assemble into pores, destroying the membrane’s permeability barrier so the cell swells and bursts through osmotic lysis. They are key virulence factors in Aeromonas gastroenteritis and wound infections, explaining the tissue damage and fluid loss these waterborne bacteria cause. Studying aerolysins helps microbiologists understand Aeromonas pathogenicity and guides the hygiene measures — safe water, proper seafood handling — that keep these organisms out of food and drink.